Ôëîðåíöèÿ, îòäûõ â Èòàëèè.About Florence: your tourist guide to Florence, Italy

 

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Ôëîðǻíöèÿ (èòàë. Firenze èëè Fiorenza) — ãîðîä â èòàëüÿíñêîì ðåãèîíå Òîñêàíà, íà ðåêå Àðíî. Íàñåëåíèå 356 000 ÷åëîâåê (2004). Ãîðîä-ìóçåé, îäèí èç ñàìûõ çíàìåíèòûõ è äðåâíèõ êóëüòóðíûõ öåíòðîâ â Åâðîïå, ÷àñòî íàçûâàåìûé ðîäèíîé èòàëüÿíñêîãî Ðåíåññàíñà èëè «Àôèíàìè Èòàëèè». Ñåé÷àñ ãîðîä çàíèìàåò ïëîùàäü îêîëî 102 êì2 âîêðóã õîëìîâ íà áåðåãàõ ðåêè Àðíî.

Ñîáîðû, áàçèëèêè, öåðêâè:

Äâîðöû (ïàëàööî):

Florence (Italian: Firenze) is the capital city of the region of Tuscany, Italy.
From 1865 to 1870 the city was also the capital of the Kingdom of Italy. Florence lies on the Arno River and has a population of around 400,000 people, plus a suburban population in excess of 200,000 persons. The greater area has some 956,000 people. A center of medieval European trade and finance, the city is often considered the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance and was long ruled by the Medici family. Florence is also famous for its magnificent art and architecture. It is said that, of the 1,000 most important European artists of the second millennium, 350 lived or worked in Florence. In fact, the city has also been called the Athens of the Middle Ages. The historic Centre of Florence was declared a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO in 1982.

Florence's recorded history began with the establishment in 59 BC of a settlement for Roman former soldiers, with the name Florentia (May She Flourish) . Julius Caesar had allocated the fertile soil of the valley of the Arno to his veterans. They built a castrum in a chessboard pattern of an army camp, with the main streets, the cardo and the decumanus, intersecting at the present Piazza della Repubblica. This pattern can still be found in the city center. Florentia was situated at the Via Cassia, the main route between Rome and the North. Through this advantageous position, the settlement could rapidly expand into an important commercial center. Emperor Diocletian made Florentia capital of the province of Tuscia in the 3rd century AD.

 

             
               
       
               
               
         
               
     
               
               
 
           

 

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